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4X is a genre of strategy-based games in which players control an empire and "eXplore, eXpand, eXploit, and eXterminate". Emphasis is placed upon economic and technological development, as well as a range of non-military routes to supremacy. Games can take a long time to complete since the amount of micromanagement needed to sustain an empire increases as the empire grows.

Utilizing content created by algorithms rather than human made content. Often utilizes a "seed," a relatively small string that is used to control the randomization algorithm that generates the entire world.