Such a fun game! I think the best strategy is to skim the planet around the rim of the boundary, maximising the number of bounces but not going to fast, then stopping and redirecting when an asteroid is going to collide with the planet.
The mechanic is a bit confusing at first. Initially I though I was getting points from hitting asteroids as I didn't notice the health bar at the bottom.
There is lots you could do with this to expand the game. Really well done :D