I really like that idea i feel it would be nice to do that but wouldn't it get boring after you start another colony then give it like 10000 of each resource???
So for your idea specifically, perhaps you have to build highly expensive ships that can only be used once just to transport, say 100 wood or 50 stone, it would incentive's working on your other colony first, and perhaps you can eventually be able to a deep space teleport, or commercial rocket taxis of some sort so that you can eventually slowly or even later instantaneously transport stuff and people between the two colonies to the point where someone could work at one colony but live on another.