There was the idea on reddit about "Zone of Control" which is some effect that is applied on targets based on a user.
I think this could be done with states, as long as you remember which battler applied which state. The actual effects of the state would then be determined dynamically at runtime.
The working example was, your movement range decreases when you're inside another target's zone, and depending on your stats and their stats, it would affect how much the range decreases. If movement range was calculated at runtime, and can apply the state formula (where "b" is the target that has the state, and a is the "user" that applied the state) I think that should solve the problem and would be able to generalize to many different things.