Let's start with the game itself: I like the whack-a-mole concept that's going on here, but there are some issues with gameplay that detract from the experience. For example, the art takes up only part of the screen, with a big empty gray area outside of it. I would assume that would mean the gray area is outside the playing field, but I found mice spawning in the gray area. Speaking of spawning, the mice only seem to spawn in 2 places: the top-left corner and somewhere in the gray void toward the bottom-right. Were it not for that wide gap, this game would be very easy to beat due to the enemies all spawning close together, and some of them don't even move. I do appreciate the attempt to create different enemy types, but there needs to be more to it than just a different color and whether they move or not.
Now for the story: The art attempts to carry the entirety of the story. This is an honorable goal, since if you can tell the story without words, it makes the story more universally accessible without the need of translation or reading ability, but the story isn't presented clearly. Here's what I got: a magical girl or witch is playing with her cat outside one day and presents it with a box filled with mice for the cat to catch. Judging by the summary, that's not exactly what you intended, so you'll need to make the plot clearer in your art in order to convey the story you want to tell, or you need to add text to make what is happening clear. I'm also not sure how the story relates to the theme; Schrodinger's Cat is a concept in which the cat is both alive and dead, but it seems that this is just a cat in a box, and the cat is clearly alive. The witch/magical girl would make more sense too if it was clearer that magic was involved in the cat being trapped in the box; at present it looks like the cat entered the box without any magic happening.
The music was pleasant, but only played through the left speaker. The "punch" sound was a little offputting, especially during the intro cutscene.
This is a fine start to a game since the core gameplay mechanic appears to be present and there is a clear presentation sequence, but I want to see more before I declare it a "good" game. Keep working on your skills and improving, and I'm sure you will succeed.