No. You must avoid them, currently. It would be fun to at least distract the guards, but, taking them out dosen't seem as likely to be implemented. Not the dev though, so no idea whats going into the game.
You are right, some buildings have more competent security than others. Sometimes you just gotta bail to live and burgle another day. Maybe snatch a statuette, or a wallet from a desk on the way out? ;)
