I am using Ubuntu 17.10, Nvidia graphics if that helps.
Just ran it from shell to see what output it delivers, maybe that can help you:
XXX@YYY:~/.config/itch/apps/Neon Skylines $ ./Neon.x86
Set current directory to /home/XXX/.config/itch/apps/Neon Skylines
Found path: /home/XXX/.config/itch/apps/Neon Skylines/Neon.x86
Mono path[0] = '/home/XXX/.config/itch/apps/Neon Skylines/Neon_Data/Managed'
Mono config path = '/home/XXX/.config/itch/apps/Neon Skylines/Neon_Data/Mono/etc'
Unable to preload the following plugins:
ScreenSelector.so
Logging to /home/XXX/.config/unity3d/Luaek/Neon Skylines/Player.log