Just one roll - if the number that comes up on the d100 is lower than the trait, you succeed, and if the number on the d100 is higher than the trait, you fail.
Your human traits start at the number you set them at when spending your 150 points, and decrease every time they are rolled. Your monstrous traits start at 0, and increase every time they are rolled. -1d6 / -1d10 is the amount your Hope will decline on a successful or a failed roll.