We all start somewhere. I have some jam games that are broken like mad! Keep it up and apply what you learn on the next one. And after a few jams, you'll have a great solid foundation. I usually walk in a game jam asking "What's the BIG thing I'll be learning and exploring this time?"
This jam was acutally making full use of state machines, sprite masks, and trying to generalize my enemy code so it works for different enemies. Next time I think I'll dive a lot more with Coroutines in Unity since I should transition away from always using timers.