I do it all the time. If you only want the save progress, just grab a flash drive or other external device and copy the save file as listed above.
If you want to copy the mods, picture data etc. Copy your saves, bodies, portraits, savedcharacters and mods folders to the external device.
On the other computer or w/e, install the game, run and close then copy your folders to the same location you copied them from.
Side note, if you have a large library of bodies etc. you may need a fair size external device to do so.
Anyway, I hope this helps you now and other people in the future.