Short anwer: no, you need to run it through a web-server first, so you might as well send it already to itch
Long answer: HTML5 applications struggle to run through the local filesystem, since security measures inside browsers stop them from loading the external files they need. Therefore, for them to work you will need to run some sort of server-like environment. Before moving to Itch we would provide a tool like Mangoose for that purpose, but it seems redundant now that you can all have free upload space here. Doubly so when you still need to upload the game to it in the end anyway)