Forced alliances and alliances of nations more than 1 nation. If a country is bordering one that's much smaller, it can force it to join its alliance. (kinda like a vassal system)
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Maybe add rulers with traits. Rulers can have traits like Negotiator (higher chance of making alliances), Tyrannous (higher chance of revolts happening), and Combative (higher chance of declaring war). They last a random amount of time from 20-70 years and when they die, the revolt chance gets higher. Also, make alliances allowed between more than just 2 nations.
Terrain should be added so some terrain is easier to invade and others are harder to invade, along with wasteland terrain which countries cannot enter. (basically an ocean but displays as white, would be good for some world building: mountains etc)
2 front wars are way too hard for a nation to win, they should be less difficult for the nation in the middle, especially if they are a massive empire.
Unions would be pretty nice. If nations have been in an alliance for 50 or more years, there's a chance that they might form a union with each other. (There doesn't need to be any special mechanics, just the more powerful nation annexing the other is enough.