Is there any way to speed up the day/night cycle? It takes way too long for the sun to rise after it sets in the evening. At this point, I'm not even sure if it will rise again.
It will rise again. You can check the time in the debug screen: press \ (back slash). I too always have a love/hate relationship with day/night cycles in games. I'll think about maybe adding an option to skip night-time.
Rather than straight-up skip nighttime, perhaps a sleep mode that the player can use to rest for a selected number of hours would be good. That way too, anyone who wants to be a night owl can do so and skip the day instead.