Very neat concept for the shmup genre! I was playing and thought of Ikaruga's polarity mechanic. The game feel definitely would've been improved with sound effects and looping music, but conceptually, it does a great job at fitting the theme.
One idea that I thought of potentially to provide more control to the player would be for red and blue energy to charge up when you're in those out of bounds areas and then to allow the player to shoot them on the fly. That way, you would have more opportunity to break the enemies shields without constantly having to go into the boundary again as soon as you recovered your dash meter. Just a thought.
Overall, nice work!