I'm fairly certain people are able to run the game on Linux for the most part, but I couldn't say what they are doing differently than you are. One of the main results I got trying to search the error was actually another user commenting on it for my game earlier, so I can link you to that comment, as I gave them some options that seemed to work for another user. There's was specifically for a "Running without the SUID sandbox!" error, but it also contained "Failed to create ICU number format, are ICU data files missing?" so I figured your full error report could be similar. I can't say if they worked for this user with this specific issue as they didn't respond to my suggestions, but it could be worth a shot. https://itch.io/post/8438287
Otherwise, another shot in the dark I have is to move the game to your desktop and try running it from there, in case it's a filepath length issue. If you look in the game folder, there is a icudtl.dat file, which I'm assuming is the file the game is reporting as missing, so maybe it's just failing to read it?
Last idea would be to try downloading the latest version of nw.js from https://nwjs.io/, and then copying the contents into the CiC 0.48 Linux folder. I already do this when uploading the game, but since 0.48 was released a few months ago, the files are a bit out of date. I have literally no basis for thinking this would work other than another Linux uses with a different but maybe related error said that helped them back with version 0.46.
If none of those things work, as mentioned in the first link above, you can try the web version of the game instead. Some minor functions don't work with it, as mentioned in the link as well.
Sorry I couldn't be of more help, and please let me know if any of these suggestions work.