Should just be "dosbox trek'24.exe" from the shell. I installed DOSBox-X if that matters, but I think it shouldn't.
Passing the .conf file to dosbox should be all that is required to start it
e.g. dosbox-x --conf "trek'24.conf"
(Yes, I would expect any variant of DOSBox to be sufficient)
It’s mentioned on the game page but unfortunately not on the FediJam page for the game but it can also be played in the browser at
https://www.ajhfw.com/wallysfolly/Trek'24/