It really depends on what you want. “Simple 2D” doesn’t mean much.
Back when I used Java, I used LibGDX as a game framework. It was very good for 2D, less so for 3D.
I use C++ now, and there are many ways to make a “simple 2D” game. Among them is to use SDL2 and it’s builtin rendering library. It can let you have textured, rotated rectangles, and simple shapes like lines (Shameless plug but this was made with said renderer. Just to showcase it’s potential).
Or you can try writing OpenGL if you want something lower-level. The sky is the limit. I can’t really say much else without knowing more about what you want.