I'm not 100% sure but I assume, as long as it fits the theme in someway (AI example given), it doesn't have to be related to diabetes. My thought process when it comes to game jams is: If you remove the theme elements from your game...would the game still be playable. If the answer is yes then you might want to rethink a little. I'm not saying it's a bad idea as you can interpret the theme in anyway, however, just my 2 cents if you want to be scored highly in the theme category.
Best of luck