I tried to launch the application from ~/.itch/app-25.5.1/ directory and I've been able to see some hint.
[31340:1115/102454.996067:FATAL:gpu_data_manager_impl_private.cc(442)] GPU process isn't usable. Goodbye.
When I looked for the last part "GPU process isn't usable. Goodbye.", I've found I have to launch itch with the option --no-sandbox to make it run correctly. It seems to work, but if I try to launch it without that option, it still doesn't work.
It's some great workaround but still it seems wrong to me. What can i do to fix it ?