Hey there Mister Jay, I got your game for judging so here are some of my thoughts. I like the idea behind this game, helping teach kids while making the game actually fun is always difficult and you tried your best. The simple art style works well with the story and gameplay, though I wonder if adding some extra shapes (maybe the violet characters could be octogons instead?) would have made certain parts more interesting to look at.
Since this is aimed at children, I have to second the other comments that mention explaining things better. I loved art as a kid but if I was told "find Baby Chart Tert's Parents" without being told what colors I was looking for I would've been lost. You don't need to always hold the hand of adult players, but kids could use some extra help. Even if you just told them some of the colors they shouldn't touch it could help them figure out what they should do themselves.
The different challenges were nicely varied, but I feel like the battles really brought the game down. If you want to include battles, it may be better to turn them into puzzles instead of sticking with MV's default battle system. But honestly I don't think the game needs battles at all, there are surely story ways for Roy G BeeVee to be revived without forcing the player to lose all their characters one at a time in battle.
Overall, it seems like you made the game you were trying to make so congratulations for that, and with a bit more time and polish I could see this helping out kids who find learning about colors the normal way boring.