Awesome game for having to change gears in the middle of the jam! I did my submission in Unity too and getting the pixels to all behave while the camera is moving took up the entire first two days of the jam for me. I noticed some of the same jittering in this when the camera was moving along the path.
I was able to finally smooth things out by updating the camera in LateUpdate to an "appropriate position" (the player position for my submission), and by calculating the "appropriate position" by multiplying the x and y by the pixels per Unity unit, rounding that to the nearest int, then dividing by the pixels per Unity unit.
Otherwise, it was very seemless! Great work!