I can explain some things but even after playing for a long ass time I have no idea what others do (namely pheromones, like they exist but I have no clue what they do). also most that I know is pretty basic and just the stuff you craft from the build menu.
also atm I only know of one use for defense and that's when you have low like with the bandits, it prevents them from breaking into the hut when the MC is sleeping. maybe Pheromones make it so they are horny when they break in so it's easier to get the tease win against them?
here is the basics you can do in the house; Crafting weapons and some other items after you build the workshop.
craft potions and study recipes from random stuff in the world.
keep animals like a Wolbauk, Horse, Raptor, Wolf and Dog.
grow certain plants at home so you don't need to ever leave the hut or go to annoying places for certain items.
keep prisoners of war you kidnap from random locations/hold people who are not currently in control of their body or mind.
store items you don't want to clutter your inventory so you can get to other items quicker when out and about.
you can also chop wood outside and check on animals and name them stuff. I named my wolf Amicus lol.
dominance is if they will listen to you, if they have low dominance, they will listen to your commands but if they have high dominance they just do as they please instead of listening. similar to prisoners.
like is how you learn new stuff, if your pet/mount doesn't have enough like they physically cannot learn anything new. but once they reach a certain threshold, they can be taught new stuff. like the wolf can help in battle and the dog can search the area around the house for items like berries and stuff!
I can't think of anything else but anyone who does it would be welcome if they added stuff in!