For example: say I have a processor adjacent to a shield with 10 capacity, and I take 4 damage on the processor. I understand I would the shield generator to 6 capacity & not lose HP, but is the processor still damaged as a result?
The processor would not be damaged, the shield would just go down to 6 capacity.
If I instead took that damage to the shield, would it be damaged?
Direct hits on a shield take off double capacity, so if it hit the shield directly, it would go down to 2 capacity. The shield generator itself would not be damaged.