Difficult question :D
I would explain what the renegade mechanic is, and what it does (I think it just resets?).
I would also try to give some explanation as to what the other symbols mean. Gold and people make sense, but I am unsure what the dark pieces are (I think they serve the same purpose).
I think an easy and quick way to do this (given the time limit of the jam), would be just a simple pop-up on first load that explains the goal+features, a sentence each. You'd probably want to do it differently without the time limit, but I think it would be enough for this.
Once again, great game :-)