Yeah I understand the point of the map you were going for, I've played Slay the Spire etc. But there are no choices to be made and nothing you choose matters really. So it's kinda pointless as it is now. And as I had deduced, green is just a better red so no one would even in their right mind choose red over it. And offensive ones always trump the defensive ones in my opinion (and in this short version of the game). And if there was a choice between blue and yellow, it doesn't matter either as they're literally the same.
So yeah, it would need quite a bit more to make it interesting. You'd need to first of all maybe have the allowed throw count start off smaller so there actually is a choice to be made on what to throw (and obviously fix the bug that allows you to break that limit). Then something that would really spice it up would be to add passive skills that change up how the dice work and interact with each other. For example they could be something mechanically as simple as "the dice used after [insert color here] is double as effective". That would make the picking order matter and add some strategy. And then of course there are all the RPG classics like life leech, poison, other status effects and so on. The list is almost endless.
Just adding new dice does nothing to add to the game really if there is only one viable option to choose. Right now if you could only roll one option of the dice in the start, the red is the only right answer. Anything else would be just delaying it. Maybe if the dice were rolled first and you could pick from the already rolled values it would be a bit different but of course that would change up the game quite a bit and still the choices would be pretty easy.