I liked it, it felt charming and appropriately scoped for a jam like this. The gameplay could probably use the most improvement. I assume the "chaos" part was meant to be the franticness of trying to collect the taiyaki? While I do think that element is there, it could be a lot more pronounced, both in the (de)buffs like was already said (I honestly didn't notice them at first) and just in general.
I think this would mostly just involve ramping up the speed and frequency of taiyaki a lot more (start leisurely, end with insanity). But there are a bunch of other things you could do as well, like having a bar that fills up with each taiyaki that unleashes a "fever mode" (or elite mode maybe?) where tons of taiyaki shoot at once of a short period and you don't loose any hearts if you miss them. Really, anything to amp up the chaos factor would be a plus. But still, really solid game overall.