First project, first upload to Itch!

This afternoon I uploaded my project files to Itch via Butler command line. I downloaded & installed my game via Itch app. When I clicked the button to launch the game from Itch, the game opened and crashed within ~3 seconds. I opened up the install directory and double-clicked the exe file, and it ran just fine.

I wrote my game & engine in Java, using the libgdx framework. I built it using Gradle and the "Badass Runtime" plugin. The game runs without issue from my IDE (Eclipse), from the command line (i.e. java -jar) before deployment, and from the CLI or directory (i.e. double-click exe file) after deployment. The only issue seems to be launching from the Itch app, though it logs no errors in the console.

I am mystified - I have no idea how to debug the launch from the Itch app.