I just checked this on the same PC but with Windows11 and it seems that the real problem with framerate was caused by using "ambientocclusion=1" in "files/media/config.txt".
If I set it to standard 0, I don't see any issues (I get fps capped) but when set to 1 it tanks the fps (I get 58 on Win11 and 50 on Linux) which is noticeable.
So yea, running under WINE is not as fast as running on native Windows but the real problem was Ambient Occlusion.