Hello! I was able to get the game to run, but only after installing the specific version you suggested (17.0.10+7). I devlop in java and have been using newer versions like 18 but it seems that the game relies on some libraries that have either moved or changed in some way between 17 and 18, Java 17 is LTS so I wouldn't say you did anything wrong.
I'm not a super experienced Java dev, but my advice would be to keep keep multiple versions of the JDK installed so you can try to build and run on them throughout development. Best case, the changes needed to make it compatible across multiple versions are trivial, worst case you have an objective list of supported and unsupported versions that will help people troubleshoot.
As for the game, It took a moment to start to understand, but I eventually got the game loop. Seems like it could be a pretty solid strategy game, there are a few things I couldn't quite figure out though. I know that selecting specific objects will generate a specific resource, but I couldn't quite tell what was causing the passive income of other resources?
I think the amount of instruction you gave is fine though, it was enough to start playing and letting players discover the strategy and nuance for themselves is fun. I think starting the player with a small pool of every resource would have helped a lot though, it would give the freedom to discover which orbits and enemies are associated with each resource without the risk of immediately dying.
Overall I think it's a pretty decent framework and an interesting concept. I could easily see it developing into a larger strategy game or even a more roguelike experience.