So I finally managed to reproduce the issue but the fix I found was still installing the .NET SDK linked in the install instructions. Once I installed .NET on the PC that it was crashing on as you described, it started working normally.
Beyond that I haven't been able to find any other reason it would crash or any potential fixes yet.
I'll leave the link to the download here just to be extra sure you got the right thing but if this didn't fix it on your end then the mystery continues to be mysterious :(